Endosulfan is an insecticide that has been phasing out globally due to its acute toxicity, potential for bioaccumulation, and its role as an endocrine disrupter that can cause cancerous tumors, birth defects, and other developmental disorders. Because of its threats to human health and the environment, a global ban on the manufacture and use of endosulfan was negotiated under the Stockholm Convention in April 2011. 

The Chinese government, as one of the first contracting parties, signed the Stockholm Convention on May 23, 2001. The State Council approved the National Implementation Plan (NIP) of the Convention in April 2007. This clearly highlighted that Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) should be fully banned on production and application aside from for acceptable purposes. Although China and India have successfully banned the use of endosulfan for fruit and tea tree pests in 2002, endosulfans are still used extensively in cotton and tobacco production in China.